Fredrickson, George M. Racism: A Short History. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2002.

Required Readings: Introduction, Chapter 1 and Chapter 2

MacMaster, Neil. “‘Black Jew – White Negro’: Anti-Semitism and the Construction of Cross-Racial Stereotypes.” Nationalism and Ethnic Politics 6, no. 4 (2000): 65–82. https://doi.org/10.1080/13537110008428612. (PDF)

“Democrats Need To Understand that Opinions on Israel are Changing Fast” - Peter Beinart, New York Times, July 6, 2025. https://www.nytimes.com/2025/07/06/opinion/zohran-mamdani-democrats-israel.html

“States don’t have the right to exist. People Do.” Peter Beinart, New York Times https://www.nytimes.com/2025/01/27/opinion/israel-state-jewish.html

Recommended: Beinart, Peter. “Being Jewish After the Destruction of Gaza.” https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/775348/being-jewish-after-the-destruction-of-gaza-by-peter-beinart/